The Why Project
← Antisemitism

The BDS movement

Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions campaign

Genuinely contested

A Palestinian-led boycott campaign — protest, or singling out the Jewish state?

What happened

A Palestinian-led campaign to pressure Israel through economic and cultural boycotts. The long-running dispute: is boycotting the world’s one Jewish state inherently antisemitic, or legitimate nonviolent protest?

Under each definition

A textbook divergence: the JDA and Nexus say boycotts aren’t inherently antisemitic, while IHRA-aligned critics invoke “double standards.”
IHRAIHRA Working Definition
Contested

Arguably example 8 (double standards), but IHRA also protects criticism “similar to that leveled against any other country,” and a leading legal opinion holds BDS isn’t antisemitic under IHRA.

JDAJerusalem Declaration
Not antisemitic

Guideline 14 lists BDS as “not, on the face of it, antisemitic.”

NexusNexus Document
Not antisemitic

Nexus treats boycotts — and even harsh criticism — as not antisemitic in themselves.

3D testSharansky’s 3D Test
Contested

Hinges on whether singling out Israel is a “double standard” or legitimate targeted protest.

Who called it antisemitic

Many governments and Jewish organizations argue BDS singles out Israel (an IHRA “double standard”) and aims to delegitimize it.

The defense

The Jerusalem Declaration explicitly lists BDS as “not, on the face of it, antisemitic”; supporters compare it to anti-apartheid boycotts and note many Jews back it.

Outcome

Numerous US states passed anti-BDS laws (some struck down on free-speech grounds); the movement remains legal and active, and fiercely debated.

In their words

Called it antisemitic
[BDS] opposes the very existence of the State of Israel as a Jewish state in its entirety and in any kind of borders.
Yohan Benizri & Gabriel SteinhardtPresidents of the Belgian (CCOJB) and Lisbon Jewish communitiesThe Times of Israel
Defended it
BDS targets Israel’s regime of oppression. It does not target an identity as such.
Omar BarghoutiCo-founder of the BDS movementDawn
Defended it
Boycott, divestment and sanctions are commonplace, non-violent forms of political protest against states. In the Israeli case they are not, in and of themselves, antisemitic.
Jerusalem Declaration on AntisemitismGuideline 14, signed by 200+ scholars of Holocaust, Jewish and Middle East studiesJerusalem Declaration

The verdicts above are how each framework would most likely treat this case — illustrative guidance, not official rulings. The 3D test applies only to Israel-related cases, so it reads “N/A” elsewhere. See the Definition tab for each framework’s full text. Inclusion is documentation, not a finding.