Raw Data

Foundational HRW report section documenting the 1988 Anfal campaign.

Full primary HRW publication used in accountability documentation.

Captured Iraqi state-document excerpts showing command and policy structures.

Primary document set of Iraqi regime files cited in genocide analysis.

Trial-monitoring document detailing Anfal evidentiary and legal findings.

English text of the Anfal verdict from Iraqi High Tribunal proceedings.

Case-law record of the Anfal trial judgment.

Primary charging text referencing RCC Decree 160 and campaign policies.

Audio-transcript excerpts of Ali Hassan al-Majid statements on chemical attacks.

Primary transcript material attributed to Iraqi command officials.

Archival index linking captured-document and perpetrator statement materials.

Contemporaneous reporting on court-played tapes attributed to Saddam and al-Majid.

Primary-era trial coverage citing taped perpetrator statements.

Translated captured Iraqi regime documents on anti-Kurdish operations.

Memorial institution preserving public memory of Halabja and Anfal victims.

Curated written resources and records on Halabja and Anfal.

Kurdish archive project with survivor and genocide-document collections.

Thematic KGNA collection focused on Anfal phases, maps, and testimonies.

KRG institutional account of Anfal memory, documentation and commemoration.

Secretary-General mission reporting on chemical weapons use during the war period.

UN mission findings on continued chemical weapons use.

UN reporting linked to chemical attacks in late-stage Iran-Iraq conflict.

Security Council resolution on investigation and condemnation of chemical weapons use.

Security Council condemnation of chemical weapons use and calls for compliance.

Congressional resolution text concerning U.S. recognition of Anfal genocide.

Museum collection index of survivor artifacts, eyewitness records, and genocide-era materials.

Institutional library holdings with memoirs, testimonies, and multilingual genocide studies sources.

Published text of the European Parliament resolution recognizing the Armenian genocide.

English text of the Bundestag motion on remembrance, mass violence, and reconciliation.

Institutional portal for genocide documentation, affirmations, archives, and teaching materials.

Primary diplomatic documents from US and British archives with scans and transcriptions.

Primary US archival record documenting deportations of Armenians from Zeitun.

US State Department archival text acknowledging Ottoman policy of extermination.

Index to Ottoman tribunal verdict and indictment documents from 1919 proceedings.

English text mirror of Bundestag recognition and remembrance resolution.

English text mirror of Bundestag cross-party motion on 1915 expulsions and massacres.

Collection of Ottoman gazette trial minutes, indictments, and verdict records.

Digital archive preserving pre-genocide Ottoman Armenian family, community, and cultural records.

Institutional overview of the project documenting Ottoman Armenian life and memory.

Project rationale explaining preservation of erased Ottoman Armenian social history.

Official Turkish government rejection of genocide recognition statements.

Official Turkish statement contesting international characterization of 1915 events.

Contemporary Turkish official position reiterating denial of genocide terminology.

Latest Turkish foreign ministry denial statement on the events of 1915.

Official US presidential statement explicitly recognizing the Armenian genocide.

Official House text affirming the US record on the Armenian genocide.

Introduced official text of H.Res.296 documenting the recognition language.

Official Senate resolution text calling for recognition of the Armenian genocide.

Original German parliamentary resolution on remembrance of the Armenian genocide.

Cross-party Bundestag motion on 1915 expulsions, massacres, and reconciliation duties.

Official ECCC case page for the final genocide trial against senior Khmer Rouge leaders.

Official court summary of findings for crimes against humanity and genocide in Case 002/02.

Official court guide indexing principal judgments, appeals, and procedural records across ECCC cases.

Official ECCC page for the first severed trial concerning forced transfers and executions.

Full Trial Chamber judgment establishing core findings in Case 002/01.

Supreme Court Chamber appeal judgment in Case 002/01 confirming and modifying convictions.

Alternate official file of the Case 002/01 appeal judgment used in ECCC records.

Final appellate ruling in Case 001 sentencing Duch to life imprisonment for S-21 crimes.

Current procedural rules governing ECCC investigations, trials, and victim participation.

Earlier official revision of ECCC internal procedure and rights framework.

Archived procedural rules showing institutional evolution of the hybrid tribunal.

Historic ECCC rules revision documenting early procedural standards.

Official legal agreement underpinning UN participation in the Cambodia tribunal.

UN legal history page linking primary documents for creation of the ECCC framework.

UNGA resolution approving the draft agreement for Khmer Rouge trials.

Secretary-General report detailing negotiations, jurisdiction, and funding model for ECCC.

Treaty registration record for the UN-Cambodia tribunal agreement.

UNAKRT-hosted source copy of the foundational General Assembly resolution on Khmer Rouge trials.

UNAKRT-hosted agreement text for establishing Extraordinary Chambers in Cambodian courts.

Primary Khmer Rouge-era documents including telegrams, policies, confessions, and regime records.

Search portal indexing Khmer Rouge biographies, confessions, prison and killing-site data.

Institutional overview of survivor-focused documentation and evidentiary support to ECCC.

Central access point for preserved records of Khmer Rouge abuses and victim histories.

Catalog of key historical Khmer Rouge documents preserved for memory and justice work.

Primary monitoring post linking the full written Case 002/02 judgment release.

ICC case landing page with filings, decisions, and procedural timeline.

Primary docket for all filings, hearings, and orders.

First provisional-measures order in South Africa v. Israel.

Additional provisional measures focused on humanitarian access.

Order addressing Rafah and investigative access.

UN mirror summary of the 26 Jan order.

UN analysis of genocide elements in Gaza context.

UN committee findings on methods of warfare and starvation.

High Commissioner warning on starvation and aid restrictions.

Demands ceasefire and release of hostages.

Official record of vote and resolution language.

HRW legal interpretation of ICJ provisional measures.

Cross-institutional accountability context.

Amnesty position and methodology summary.

NGO response to UN expert genocide-threshold analysis.

ICC prosecutorial framing of Gaza-related crimes.

Judicial status for one Hamas leader in same situation file.

Official repository of Israel's legal submissions and positions.

Israel filings and responses in ICJ proceedings.

Formal Israeli legal rebuttal to additional-measures request.

Israeli legal framing of distinction/proportionality and aid.

Official aid-facilitation and casualty claims by Israel.

Israeli military administration response on food access claims.

Official rebuttal to HRW's water-access findings.

IDF framing of objectives and civilian-harm mitigation.

IDF framing of war aims and context after Oct. 7.

Official diplomatic messaging including denial of starvation/genocide.

UNRWA account of fatalities, displacement, and collapse conditions.

UNRWA response to allegations and aid-access claims.

Independent review following allegations tied to Oct. 7.

UNRWA institutional response document.

Humanitarian and casualty tracking.

Recent field update on displacement and aid constraints.

Recent water/fuel/access figures and trends.

Archive hub for Gaza hostilities updates.

Israeli human-rights NGO framing of Gaza campaign.

UN archival posting of non-UN civil-society report.

International reporting on 24 May ICJ order and reactions.

International legal development with responses from multiple parties.

US executive framing of hostages and Gaza civilian toll.

US policy stance: condemnation and support for Israel.

Early international state response.

US hostage dimension and terrorism framing.

Curated database of direct Israeli official statements cited in genocide litigation and advocacy, with dates and primary links.

Primary recording of Gallant ordering a full siege and describing combat against Hamas; widely cited for the 'human animals' remark.

Official letter to soldiers invoking Amalek; frequently cited in genocide-intent analyses and South Africa's ICJ application.

Primary interview in which Herzog said an 'entire nation' in Gaza bears responsibility for Hamas.

Smotrich called for 'total annihilation' in Rafah, Deir al-Balah, and Nuseirat and cited blotting out Amalek.

Smotrich said Gaza should have '100,000 or 200,000 Arabs... not two million' and called for Israeli control of the territory.

Netanyahu vowed 'mighty vengeance,' pledged to destroy Hamas capabilities, and told Gazans to leave as strikes would turn Hamas sites to 'ruins.'

South Africa's application citing Israeli leaders' statements as evidence of genocidal intent.

Injury totals and documented attacks on hospitals and health workers.

Dr Mohammed Abu Mughaisib on child amputations without pain relief.

Dr Nada al-Hadithy testimony on blast injuries, burns, and child amputees.

Doctors from MSF and other agencies on amputations and supply shortages.

WHO and ICRC statements on hospital raids, strikes, and collapsed care.

Official German statement recognizing the colonial atrocities as genocide from today's perspective.

Primary draft joint declaration negotiated between Germany and Namibia on genocide and reconciliation.

Additional source copy of the Germany-Namibia joint declaration text.

Documented publication context and text extracts for the initialed declaration.

Official communication file containing state response on participation and reparations concerns.

Primary UN expert communication alleging insufficient participation of Ovaherero and Nama communities.

Victim community institution summary of the 2006 parliamentary mandate on genocide reparations.

Published primary text and context for the Namibian parliamentary motion and adoption.

Joint victim-descendant statement rejecting the draft deal and demanding direct participation.

Primary statement of the Ovaherero Traditional Authority on memory date and recognition issues.

Primary report of OGF rejection statement over government memorial date decision.

Published statements from victim communities disputing state framing of genocide memory.

Source publication of Trotha's extermination order based on Bundesarchiv holdings.

Archival description of German colonial command records including Trotha reports and orders.

German-language archival entry for Reichskolonialamt files on colonial war measures.

Source-critical page linking colonial extermination order text to archival repositories.

Parliamentary speech documenting the legislative genealogy of genocide negotiations.

Policy document compiling parliamentary and negotiation records around genocide redress talks.

Evidence-based review citing UN communications on participation and reparations standards.

Structured policy record summarizing terms, limits, and status of the 2021 declaration.

Official special procedures file containing the Namibian government response document.

Document hub linking UN Special Rapporteur communications and state replies.

Official parliamentary institution hosting records tied to genocide debate and resolutions.

Primary reportage quoting victim-descendant representatives on reparations claims and process exclusion.

Bundestag press note on federal government position regarding the Namibia joint declaration.

Judicial action linked to Oct. 7 crimes allegations.

Prosecutor's characterization of crimes on 7 Oct and hostage abuses.

UN mission findings on sexual violence linked to Oct. 7 and hostage captivity.

Comprehensive rights investigation of Oct. 7 attacks.

Amnesty legal analysis of Oct. 7 and hostage treatment.

Public summary of findings and methodology.

Hostage-release demand relevant to continuing captivity.

Official UN record includes hostage language.

Media-primary relay of UN mission conclusions.

Independent reporting on HRW findings.

Independent reporting on Amnesty's 2025 legal conclusions.

Secondary detail on HRW report scope and findings.

Foundational charter language regarding conflict aims.

Mirror archive used for continuity checking.

Archive containing charter text and reference to 2017 document.

Movement's own justification and denials re civilian targeting.

Alternate host for same January 2024 Hamas narrative document.

Later Hamas narrative framing and political objectives.

Primary interview-style relay of Hamas rationale.

Includes Hamas response and denial narratives.

Contains Hamas public justification claims.

Includes quoted Hamas rejection of HRW conclusions.

Official victimization narrative, casualty and hostage figures.

Community-level attack and response investigations.

Contains official attack narrative and hostages framing.

Official reference to victims and abductees.

Includes victim and family context from Israeli side.

Contains military self-assessment and civilian impact.

Victim-family perspective and unresolved questions.

Documents Israeli trauma and civilian-targeted nature of attack.

US acknowledgment of deaths, hostages, and sexual violence claims.

US position: terrorism framing and right of self-defense.

Early US and allied condemnation language.

US messaging on atrocities and hostage recovery.

UN-backed demand for immediate hostage release.

International relay of UN conclusions.

Includes Hamas denial and UN assessment.

International coverage of UN team's methodology and findings.

Global-wire summary of legal claims and denials.

Accessible summary of legal findings and evidence structure.

Includes Hamas rejection and key allegations.

Captures broad international legal response context.

2017 Hamas policy document: accepts 1967 borders as 'national consensus' while rejecting Israel and affirming liberation 'from the river to the sea.'

UN-hosted NGO submission quoting Article 7 of the 1988 Covenant and linking to Yale Avalon primary text.

Hamad vowed to repeat Oct 7 'again and again' until Israel is annihilated; primary transcript of Lebanese TV interview.

Primary text: 'Israel will exist... until Islam will obliterate it'; Article 7 hadith on killing Jews; compulsory jihad.

236-page investigation verifying body-camera footage, torture, and sexual violence evidence.

Methodology note on body-worn camera footage recovered from attackers.

Core UN fact-finding report on crimes against Rohingya and others.

Expanded evidentiary findings including mass killings, rape, and village destruction.

Complementary report covering post-2018 conflict-related violations and Rohingya status.

UN report consolidating findings and transition toward investigative mechanism.

Primary docket for Genocide Convention proceedings regarding Rohingya.

ICJ press release announcing institution of genocide case and PM request.

Binding provisional measures order to prevent genocidal acts and preserve evidence.

ICJ order page with procedural context and multilingual materials.

Official Myanmar government framing of 2017 Rakhine operations and repatriation.

Official order framing ARSA and legal terminology used by authorities.

Government notification directing media language and framing ARSA as terrorists.

Military narrative and justification of post-August 2017 operations.

Military statements on legality and scope of security operations.

Military release discussing inquiries into allegations after 2017 events.

Curated repository of Rohingya survivor-centered investigations and evidence.

Investigation documenting premeditated preparations for attacks on Rohingya.

Fortify rights release summarizing evidence and recommended prosecutions.

Rohingya-focused civil-society submission to UN UPR process.

Primary submission documenting discriminatory conditions faced by Rohingya women.

First-hand informed account from long-term Rohingya rights documenter.

Official U.S. determination page and supporting resources.

Primary-era coverage of U.S. genocide determination announcement.

Commons debate text referencing genocide findings and ICC referral calls.

Official journal entry of unanimous motion recognizing Rohingya genocide.

Primary coverage of Canadian parliamentary genocide-recognition action.

UNSC resolution establishing the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda.

UNSC action expanding UNAMIR and imposing an arms embargo on Rwanda.

UN authorization of a temporary multinational humanitarian operation in Rwanda.

Official index for ICTR case pages and linked case documents.

Public records portal for ICTR, ICTY, and IRMCT filings.

Landmark ICTR judgement on genocide and sexual violence jurisprudence.

Official case page for senior military defendants prosecuted by ICTR.

ICTR judgement entry for military leadership convictions and acquittal outcomes.

Case page for media figures prosecuted for incitement and related crimes.

Trial judgement entry documenting convictions in the ICTR Media case.

Official ICTR case page for senior political defendants linked to Butare crimes.

Official annual tribunal report on jurisprudence, cases, and operations.

Official ICTR report from the period of the first genocide judgement.

UN mechanism legacy overview with official ICTR milestones and references.

U.S. statement addressing the interim Rwandan government and genocidal massacre support.

Primary U.S. briefing record discussing government and rebel forces during the killings.

Official presidential transcript describing U.S. policy responses to Rwanda.

Official case page for a convicted local authority tied to genocide crimes.

Institutional overview of survivor testimony and victim documentation work.

Primary description of exhibits, eyewitness testimony, and archive access.

Official portal for remembrance, survivor-centered education, and documentation.

Survivor, witness, and rescuer testimony portal preserving genocide memory.

Program page covering survivor justice, anti-denial work, and testimony preservation.

First-person survivor account published by Rwanda's national survivor association.

UNSC resolution addressing international response and peacekeeping posture in Rwanda.

ICJ case portal for Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro genocide proceedings.

ICJ merits judgment finding Srebrenica genocide and Serbia's prevention failures.

Index of ICJ judgments and opinions in the Bosnia genocide case.

ICJ provisional measures order requiring action to prevent genocide.

ICJ order reaffirming immediate implementation of anti-genocide provisional measures.

UN report on the fall of Srebrenica and international institutional failures.

ICTY appeals judgement central to legal findings on Srebrenica genocide crimes.

Major ICTY trial judgement on command-level responsibility for Srebrenica executions.

ICTY trial judgement including convictions connected to the Srebrenica joint criminal enterprise.

IRMCT case page for Karadžić appeals phase and residual enforcement.

Appeals judgement affirming genocide-related convictions and imposing life sentence.

Official ICTY case page for Ratko Mladić with selected filings and chronology.

Official transcript recording charges and procedural statements in Mladić's first appearance.

Official case summary and timeline for the political leader prosecuted over Srebrenica crimes.

Official reporting on Republika Srpska Srebrenica Commission formation and findings trajectory.

Documents Republika Srpska adoption of the Srebrenica Commission final report.

Official briefing transcript on RS government acceptance of Srebrenica victim figures.

OHR decision citing RS army obstruction and Srebrenica Commission findings.

Institutional oral history archive methodology and testimony collection records.

Official overview of memorial archive holdings, victim artifacts, and survivor documentation work.

Official site for survivor/family association advocating truth, justice, and accountability.

Foundational information on survivor organization mission and victim family representation.

UN-produced primary video feature with direct survivor-advocate testimony context.

Official UK statement reaffirming genocide classification and support for justice.

Official UK multilateral statement on remembrance, denial, and regional reconciliation.

Primary source hub for IMT proceedings, transcripts, and evidence collections.

Foundational agreement establishing the International Military Tribunal.

Defines IMT jurisdiction and core crimes including crimes against humanity.

Authoritative IMT judgment against major Nazi defendants.

Primary trial proceedings from the judgment phase of IMT.

IMT conspiracy count charging coordinated planning and execution of Nazi crimes.

Primary legal excerpts from the IMT judgment interpreting Charter Article 6.

Archival guide to IMT and related trial records, exhibits, and transcripts.

Official NARA access page for IMT and U.S. war crimes trial documentation.

Official repository guide for post-IMT U.S. tribunal records.

Minutes of the Nazi coordination meeting on the 'Final Solution'.

Nazi decree ordering secret disappearance and transfer of detainees.

Reich police decree mandating Jewish star identification and movement restrictions.

Secret deportation cable detailing Jewish transport quotas and Auschwitz allocation.

Nazi directives imposing anti-Jewish restrictions in public and social life.

Fuehrer decree on civil administration of newly occupied Eastern territories.

Goebbels diary excerpts evidencing antisemitic persecution policy messaging.

Hitler decree expanding special Reich Ministry of Justice powers.

Yad Vashem archive overview including survivor testimony and victim documentation.

Collection portal for full-length and indexed Holocaust survivor video testimonies.

Primary victim-name memorial database built from testimonies and archival records.

Victim memorial submission format completed by survivors, relatives, and witnesses.

USHMM entry point to survivor accounts, victim records, and Holocaust documentation.

UNGA resolution condemning Holocaust denial and reaffirming remembrance commitments.

UN institutional page linking Holocaust remembrance resolutions and commemorative program.

UN report concluding ISIS committed genocide against Yazidis.

Official UN index linking the Yazidi genocide conference room paper and related outputs.

Resolution establishing UNITAD to collect evidence of ISIL crimes in Iraq.

UN Security Council reference page for UNITAD mandate language.

UNITAD report describing evidence milestones on Yazidi crimes.

Access point for UN report files and brief summary of Yazidi case briefs.

Initial formal reporting on UNITAD evidence collection structures.

UN release announcing public findings that include genocide determination basis.

Primary-era report quoting ISIS Dabiq language on Yazidi enslavement.

Reporting on ISIS slavery Q&A pamphlet attributed to ISIS fatwa department.

Contemporaneous publication of ISIS captivity-rule pamphlet extracts.

Monitoring archive preserving ISIS release notice and distribution context.

Archived extremist publication mirror containing full Dabiq issue text.

Archive page for ISIS Rumiyah Issue 1 material.

Central repository of Yazda policy papers and genocide documentation.

Early mapping and documentation of mass-grave sites in Sinjar area.

Evidence-based report tying site destruction to genocidal policy.

Survivor-led institution profile and Yazidi-focused advocacy mission.

Program documentation on reparations implementation support for survivors.

Annual reporting by Yazidi-led survivor support and justice organization.

Secretary John Kerry genocide determination including Yazidis.

Adopted resolution recognizing ISIS crimes against Yazidis and others.

Parliamentary press summary tied to 2016 genocide-language resolution.

Canadian parliamentary record containing genocide recognition motion language.

Primary-era reporting on unanimous Canadian genocide-recognition vote and asylum call.